[community] Is COVID Alert an Inclusive Design Fail?

pina.dintino at gmail.com pina.dintino at gmail.com
Tue Aug 18 20:35:28 UTC 2020


I have been following this discussion with great interest. The one  point that seems to  be missing from this discussion is the one that we cannot simply include diverse people to do what we think they want to do or only have the choice to do in an attempt to be  diverse and inclusive. Let me clarify, too many people with disabilities are hired to work on inclusion or disability related work. PWDs for instance have much more to offer than simply testing or being part of a design team.  We are now seeing lots of movement on racism and the black lives matter. Again recognizing diversity is ensuring that everyone is treated with the same respect, is offered the same opportunities to do all that they dream of and not put them in position of continuously debating the why we deserve this or that. If we are truly inclusive, inclusive design is a great start, but it will only be sustained if we have diverse people as clients, as teachers, developers, economists, professional players in all sports, politicians, etc. It is only when we include the marginalized and the underserved in a way that helps build trust , value, and build the solutions they can use today, right now and not only aspire to use.
Thanks for all your insightful thoughts. 
Pina
, 


-----Original Message-----
From: community <community-bounces at lists.idrc.ocadu.ca> On Behalf of Ather Shabbar
Sent: August 10, 2020 1:15 PM
To: Ushnish Sengupta <ushnish.sengupta at gmail.com>
Cc: Inclusive Design Community <community at lists.idrc.ocadu.ca>
Subject: Re: [community] Is COVID Alert an Inclusive Design Fail?

Hi Ushnish,

Thanks for pointing us toward Scott Page's work on identity diversity and how it correlates to cognitive diversity. After all, an individual's perspective is shaped by their identity (gender, race, disability and other dimensions of diversity) which also shapes our experiences,  It is diversity of thoughts, or cognitive diversity, that is what we are looking for in a co-design project.  I look forward to learning more about Scott Page's work on expanded notions of diverse perspectives to encompass the perspectives that come from experience of barriers.

I will go back to my point about organizational culture.  It has been said that "culture eats strategy", and if we don't shape the culture, we will not tap into the value that diversity brings to designing inclusive solutions. I would argue that organizational culture can be influenced and shaped by inclusive design. First recruiting qualified individuals who bring their unique talents and perspectives into the organization,  and secondly, to value the differences people bring to the organization. There are many ways valuing diversity can be institutionalized. I will focus on design or project teams in an organization.

One of the ways organizations can value, recognize, respect  people's difference is by selecting a diverse design/project teams for projects.
This starts the cycle of inclusion and beginning of culture change; i.e., individuals from diverse groups are given opportunities to showcase their talent and their perspectives lead to better and lasting designs/solutions.
It illustrates that diversity is an asset to the organization, not just a diverse workforce  composition.

The beauty of inclusive design is that it utilizes inclusive and transparent processes and tools in the projects. We don't need to train or teach people in a design session, however, it is critical to include people who are most underserved by the current program/app - those who are at the margin or outliers, Perspectives and experiences of those at the margins are the focus of design solutions and we end up  with designs that meet the needs of many more users including those at the centre of the starburst.
This is what we call the "curb cut" effect where the design solutions end up being used by many more people; i.e., curb cut where sidewalk meets the road is used not only by wheelchair users but also people who are using baby strollers, people making delivery, etc.

Another important feature of inclusive design is the use of deep diving into the experiences of those who are most underserved by the current program/app. We use tools and resources that create empathy among co-designers. There are tools and resources available on the Inclusive Design Research Centre https://guide.inclusivedesign.ca/.

The design team develops prototypes of solutions that are designed to meet the needs of individuals who are currently underserved. We carry out a critical examination of experiences of edge cases / users at the edge of the starburst by developing user experience map, record their daily lives and isolate pain points where the current design fails the users. These prototypes are evaluated by more users to determine viability, feasibility and desirability.  Refinements are made based on evolution. It is the iterative cycle that results in a flexible and lasting solutions.

The idea is to end up with an adaptable solution that can serve many more people. This may take a little longer, and may cost more, but the solutions have a greater chance of user acceptance and will be more economical  in the long run.

One might notice this type of co-design session utilizes the three dimensions of inclusive design:

1. Recognize, respect, and design for human uniqueness and variability.

2. Use inclusive, open & transparent processes, and co-design with people who have a diversity of perspectives, including people that can’t use or have difficulty using the current designs.

3. Realize that you are designing in a complex adaptive system.
 I hope I am not going off on a tangent too much. I would be happy to chat further if anyone is interested.

Ather

On Fri, Aug 7, 2020 at 2:24 PM Ushnish Sengupta <ushnish.sengupta at gmail.com>
wrote:

> Hi Ather
> I am a fan of Scott Page's work as well.
> To put a finer point on it, he says people on the team not only have 
> to look different but also have to THINK different, he calls this 
> "cognitive
> diversity":
>
>    - Page, S. (2018). How Diversity Powers Team Performance (Interview).
>    Knowledge at Wharton. Retrieved from:
>    https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/great-teams-diversity/
>    - Page, S. (2020). Just having people who look different isn't enough
>    to create a diverse team.  LinkedIn.  Retrieved from:
>    
> https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/just-having-people-who-look-different-i
> snt-enough-create-scott-page/?published=t
>
>
> So here is some food for thought for this group:
> Companies and governments, and nonprofit organizations argue that it 
> is not possible to have every disability, or individuals with every 
> intersectional lived experience on all project teams, let alone a team 
> that is building an app for the entire population of an entire country Canada.
> But in addition to having some diversity of representation on the 
> project term, is it possible to train and educate everyone on the team 
> to think differently, be inclusive in their design process as others 
> have pointed out?
>
> Is it possible to train/educate project teams to think differently 
> enough to be inclusive of groups who have very different lived 
> experiences from the team?
> Or do you think it always requires all the diverse groups impacted to 
> be represented as team members on the project?
>
> My literal translation of "Nothing about us without us" is that people 
> with disabilities need to be actually represented as full fledged team 
> members (not just usability or accessibility test subjects) on every 
> project. And then how many ppl with different disabilities, 
> intersectional experiences do we include as full fledged members of a team?
> I am all ears!
>
> Ushnish
>
> On Fri, Aug 7, 2020 at 1:23 PM Ather Shabbar <ather.shabbar at gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
>> Hi John, thank you for initiating this conversation about the new 
>> Covid Alert app.
>>
>> Having worked in public service in Ontario and examining how other 
>> governments and private sectors, I find organizations develop 
>> solutions that are designed by so called "experts" to address a need 
>> without taking into account the needs of edge users or those at the 
>> margin of society. Rather than including the users most underserved 
>> by the program, programs are designed without participation of edge 
>> users - not adhering to the concept of "nothing for us without us".
>>
>> I agree with you, John, when you say it's about "culture".  Culture, 
>> according to Edgar Schien is what organizational values are espoused, 
>> and what are the assumptions people make.
>> https://hbr.org/2014/12/how-to-tell-if-your-company-has-a-creative-culture#:~:text=Schein%20divided%20an%20organization's%20culture,%2C%20inside%20jokes%2C%20and%20mantras.
>> I believe we cannot ignore these two important elements of 
>> organizational culture when we are designing an app, a program or policy.
>>
>> My experiences tell me that every organization acknowledges the 
>> essential need to innovate in order to survive. But, when the 
>> pressure is on and there is a need to get something done, the so 
>> called "experts" are called in to find the solution fast. Senior 
>> executives in organizations see the need to hire  people from diverse 
>> backgrounds so they reflect/mirror the group they are serving. 
>> Missing are the values and assumptions that people operate under. 
>> Thus, diversity of perspectives, that are available but rarely invited to participate in designing solutions.
>>
>> Scott Page, from U of Michigan, explains his research showing how 
>> diverse teams produce better, lasting outcomes than homogenous groups or experts.
>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wULRXoYThDc
>>
>> In order for diversity to thrive, people need to feel like they 
>> belong and their perspectives are valued. For anyone interested in 
>> learning how to work toward creating an inclusive culture, Barbara Mazur offers her study.
>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wULRXoYThDc
>>
>> This, I believe, is the root cause of the cycle of exclusion is the 
>> culture of the organization which, in this case, leads to the 
>> development of a Covid app that fails a significant portion of the society.
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> On Thu, Aug 6, 2020 at 5:40 PM Jutta Treviranus 
>> <jtreviranus at ocadu.ca>
>> wrote:
>>
>>> I forgot to mention that we address mismatches between the needs of 
>>> the individual and the product, service or environment. Inclusive 
>>> design addresses mismatches faced by all justice seeking groups. Our 
>>> definition
>>> is: Inclusive Design considers the full range of human diversity 
>>> with respect to ability, language, culture, gender, age, and other 
>>> forms of human difference.
>>>
>>> Jutta
>>>
>>> > On Aug 6, 2020, at 5:26 PM, Jutta Treviranus 
>>> > <jtreviranus at ocadu.ca>
>>> wrote:
>>> >
>>> > Hi Ushnish,
>>> > Inclusive Design grows out of Universal Design. Two different 
>>> > versions
>>> emerged almost simultaneously, one in the UK and the version we 
>>> developed in our centre since 1993 here in Canada. The UK version 
>>> emerged as a "more realistic" approach to Universal Design (UD). It 
>>> framed UD for business and calculated the customer base for 
>>> accessibility features based on incidences of specific disabilities.  See:
>>> https://www-edc.eng.cam.ac.uk/downloads/idtoolkit.pdf . The UK 
>>> inclusive design grew out of architecture and industrial design. 
>>> They have since adopted many of our processes in the digital realm 
>>> and integrated this into Design for All in the EU.
>>> >
>>> > The IDRC version of Inclusive Design emerged in the context of 
>>> > digital
>>> systems, networks and the Web. We saw the opportunity to move from 
>>> one-size-fits-all compromises of UD in architecture and industrial 
>>> design, to the opportunity to provide one-size-fits-one designs 
>>> within a digital system or network because of digital and network adaptability and sourcing.
>>> We differ from the UK version of Inclusive Design in that we do not 
>>> stress incidence levels, in fact we stress the opposite and show the 
>>> systemic benefits of beginning with and co-designing with people 
>>> that are most marginalized.
>>> >
>>> > With respect to accessibility in the digital space, we were 
>>> > involved
>>> in starting the Web Accessibility Initiative of the W3C together 
>>> with Mike Paciello and the Yuri Rubinsky Foundation. This is where 
>>> the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines were developed. They form 
>>> the basis of accessibility regulations relevant to the Web and other 
>>> digital tools in most countries with accessibility policies. The 
>>> original WCAG is in part based on our web accessibility guidelines. 
>>> When we developed the guidelines we did not think they would be 
>>> entrenched in laws as static criteria, because they do not encompass 
>>> all the needs, and because technology changes very rapidly. However, 
>>> regulations require testable requirements for enforcement.  We see 
>>> the accessibility laws as intended for the laggards who fail to see 
>>> the benefits of inclusive design. The original guidelines all 
>>> reflected guidance that would enable greater flexibility in Web interactions and content.
>>> >
>>> > The distinction that is made between accessibility and inclusive
>>> design is that accessibility is the criteria, inclusive design is 
>>> the process. Juliana Rowsell and I are both Digital Fellows in the 
>>> Digital Academy. Her accessibility guidelines are a merger of a 
>>> number of sources of guidance.
>>> >
>>> > We have an inclusive design guide: 
>>> > https://guide.inclusivedesign.ca I have tried to capture our 
>>> > process in three blogs that are
>>> non-technical and not too academic:
>>> https://medium.com/fwd50/the-three-dimensions-of-inclusive-design-pa
>>> rt-one-103cad1ffdc2
>>> > There are three parts.
>>> >
>>> > Microsoft approached us to help them create an inclusive design
>>> toolkit about 8 years ago, see
>>> https://www.fastcompany.com/3054927/microsofts-inspiring-bet-on-a-ra
>>> dical-new-type-of-design-thinking and https://vimeo.com/138671443. 
>>> The Toolkit is here:
>>> https://download.microsoft.com/download/b/0/d/b0d4bf87-09ce-4417-8f28-d60703d672ed/inclusive_toolkit_manual_final.pdf.
>>> Kat Holmes captured our inclusive design process and interpreted it 
>>> for private enterprise in her book Mismatch.  I worked with Matt May 
>>> to develop a set of courses in inclusive design for Adobe. See:
>>> https://adobe.design/inclusive/ There are many other inclusive 
>>> design supports and resources emerging.
>>> >
>>> > The Canadian Digital Service is in part modelled on the on the 
>>> > Ontario
>>> Digital Service led by Hilary Hartley. Here is an article they 
>>> published on the areas of inclusive design and accessibility:
>>> >
>>> https://medium.com/ontariodigital/if-you-want-the-best-design-ask-st
>>> rangers-to-help-e37bdb73567
>>> >
>>> > I hope this clarifies. There are many more resources we can 
>>> > provide on
>>> inclusive design.
>>> >
>>> > Jutta
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > On Aug 6, 2020, at 3:59 PM, Ushnish Sengupta <
>>> ushnish.sengupta at gmail.com<mailto:ushnish.sengupta at gmail.com>> wrote:
>>> >
>>> > CAUTION: This message was not sent directly from an OCAD U account.
>>> There have been numerous confirmed COVID-19/Coronavirus phishing 
>>> exploits that may appear to originate from Government or other reputable sources.
>>> Ensure that you trust this sender by confirming the actual sender 
>>> email address and do not click any links or open attachments in 
>>> suspicious messages. Forward any suspicious email to itsecurity at ocadu.ca<mailto:
>>> itsecurity at ocadu.ca> for analysis.
>>> >
>>> > Thanks for clarifications Jutta
>>> > I am definitely interested in learning more about Inclusive 
>>> > Design, so
>>> any resources are welcome.
>>> > I am able to find many more tools and practical examples for 
>>> > Design
>>> Thinking due to the prevalence of the method. Design Thinking tools 
>>> and examples definitely need to be carefully selected according to 
>>> context, and critiqued in some cases.
>>> > I would like to see more Inclusive Design related practical tools 
>>> > and
>>> real world project examples for sure.
>>> >
>>> > I see a lot of overlap in descriptions of Inclusive Design and 
>>> > Design
>>> for Accessibility, for example the makers of the Canadian Covi19 
>>> App, the Canadian Digital Service discusses accessibility and 
>>> inclusive services
>>> here:
>>> >
>>> https://digital.canada.ca/2019/02/13/building-inclusive-services-is-
>>> not-about-perfection/
>>> >
>>> > Perhaps anyone more familiar with the subject can shed some light 
>>> > on
>>> the commonalities and differences between Inclusive Design and 
>>> Design for Accessibility.  IMHO I dont see design for accessibility 
>>> addressing the issues of socio-economic class, age differences, and 
>>> the digital divide, as made evident by the Canadian Covid19 App.
>>> >
>>> > Ushnish
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > On Wed, Aug 5, 2020 at 2:17 PM Jutta Treviranus 
>>> > <jtreviranus at ocadu.ca
>>> <mailto:jtreviranus at ocadu.ca>> wrote:
>>> > Thank you Ushnish for the thoughtful approach.
>>> >
>>> > I wanted to add some considerations and clarifications.
>>> >
>>> > Two of the distinctions between Design Thinking and Inclusive 
>>> > Design,
>>> as we conceive it at the IDRC, are 1) the logic model or process and 
>>> 2) the methods of considering the needs of the 'end user.”
>>> >
>>> > The difference is most striking in the process diagrams. Design
>>> Thinking has the famous squiggle that iteratively results in a 
>>> winning design through a series of competitive processes, 
>>> https://thedesignsquiggle.com/. In Inclusive Design we use a 
>>> Virtuous Tornado which also iterates through full cycles that 
>>> include prototype evaluation, but rather than narrowing down to a 
>>> winning solution, we cycle out, in that we create a system that is 
>>> capable of stretching to address more and more needs in each 
>>> iteration.  See 
>>> https://guide.inclusivedesign.ca/activities/VirtuousTornado.html and 
>>> https://medium.com/@jutta.trevira/inclusive-design-the-bell-curve-th
>>> e-starburst-and-the-virtuous-tornado-6094f797b1bf
>>> >
>>> > We have discovered that there is no fix, solution, winning or best
>>> design when you are attempting to be inclusive. People with minority 
>>> needs always lose out when the process is competitive. The current 
>>> complex adaptive system we operate in also means that you need a 
>>> system that can respond and adapt. Hence encompassing more needs in 
>>> your system also supports greater flexibility in the underlying architecture.
>>> >
>>> > (As a side note, many Design Thinking initiatives (e.g., IDEO) and
>>> Inclusive Design aim to "design for good". However, in Inclusive 
>>> Design we feel that for any design to survive it must be integrated 
>>> into standard mainstream practices or it won’t survive or 
>>> interoperate. Inclusive Design is not about charity but about 
>>> culture change for the benefit of the individuals currently excluded 
>>> and the system as a whole.)
>>> >
>>> > The second distinction is about how to and who to include in the
>>> design process. We feel that it is most important to include people 
>>> who have difficulty or can’t use current designs. That is how we 
>>> innovate; and surface and address unexpected issues. I have found 
>>> that user research (especially statistical analysis that determines 
>>> an average), persona, and identity-based representation can lead to 
>>> a false notion of knowing what is needed or a false confidence. I 
>>> find that only by actively engaging people that have been excluded 
>>> by existing designs, or people that are most likely to be excluded 
>>> by the design you are working on, can you really understand the 
>>> spectrum of needs and how to address the needs  (designing with not 
>>> for, "nothing about us without us"). By active engagement of people 
>>> with lived experience of the barriers, I mean right from the 
>>> beginning, with the problem statement. There are many instances where our understanding of the problem has become deeper and more fundamental when we have done this.
>>> >
>>> > I’d love to explain further and I’d love your thoughts.
>>> >
>>> > thanks,
>>> > Jutta
>>> >
>>> >> On Aug 4, 2020, at 7:08 PM, Ushnish Sengupta <
>>> ushnish.sengupta at gmail.com<mailto:ushnish.sengupta at gmail.com>> wrote:
>>> >>
>>> >> Hi John
>>> >> The primary data I know of answering some of the questions you 
>>> >> raised
>>> is
>>> >> Statistics Canada Internet Use surveys.
>>> >>
>>> >> I have been thinking about inclusion/exclusion and Contact 
>>> >> Tracing
>>> Apps, so
>>> >> a medium length response the original question "Is COVID Alert an
>>> Inclusive
>>> >> Design Fail?" follows.
>>> >>
>>> >> IMHO the project is an inclusive design failure on a number of levels:
>>> >> 1) The first release failed to account for the spectrum of the 
>>> >> digital divide in terms of not everyone having the most recent phone and OS.
>>> >> -Would be more transparent if they announced the plan or the 
>>> >> roadmap
>>> to
>>> >> address this issue, but no such plans/roadmap isv publicly 
>>> >> available
>>> to my
>>> >> knowledge
>>> >> 2) The project failed to account for WHO would be excluded for 
>>> >> the
>>> current
>>> >> app as released, particularly senior citizens and low income
>>> individuals,
>>> >> not coincidentally the groups with disproportionally higher rates 
>>> >> of
>>> >> Covid19 cases and deathsU
>>> >> 3) Given that many accessibility technologies take time to "catch up"
>>> to
>>> >> the latest phone hardware and software releases, and additionally
>>> given
>>> >> that many senior citizens have disabilities, I would infer that 
>>> >> this
>>> first
>>> >> release of the contact tracing app discriminates against people 
>>> >> with disabilities, as a disproportionately LOW number of people 
>>> >> with disabilities will be able to effectively access, download 
>>> >> and use the
>>> app,
>>> >> exposing people with disabilities to greater Covid19 risks.
>>> >>
>>> >> Solutions
>>> >> 1) Design Thinking
>>> >> Part of the solution is applying Design Thinking ensuring we 
>>> >> identify
>>> the
>>> >> appropriate stakeholders and user groups, create empathy maps, 
>>> >> ensure
>>> each
>>> >> different identified groups needs are met and follow through with 
>>> >> the
>>> other
>>> >> Design Thinking steps. I know there are many Design Thinking fans 
>>> >> on
>>> this
>>> >> list and within the groups that created the app, including 
>>> >> Ontario
>>> Digital
>>> >> Services, Shopify etc., and I am a fan of Design Thinking as 
>>> >> well,
>>> but for
>>> >> me Design Thinking is a *necessary but insufficient *process in
>>> developing
>>> >> a contact tracing app for a broad country wide population.
>>> >>
>>> >> 2) Cognitive diversity on Project Team I teach my Project 
>>> >> Management and Information Systems students, what
>>> is
>>> >> often missing in technology projects is the right mix of people 
>>> >> on the project team, to avoid what happened here.
>>> >> If a government department or a private company or a combination 
>>> >> of
>>> both
>>> >> are designing an app for the ENTIRE Canadian population they need 
>>> >> to
>>> have
>>> >> people on the project team that have the COGNITIVE DIVERSITY to
>>> understand
>>> >> the following issues are relevant to the project:
>>> >> 1) There is a phone technology based digital divide, its not a 
>>> >> binary have/have not issue, its a spectrum of access issue 
>>> >> including type of device, age of devices, operating system, cost etc.
>>> >> In particular the digital divide involves low income and age 
>>> >> factors,
>>> so at
>>> >> a minimum the project team has to include people who can perform 
>>> >> a Socio-Economic Class and Ageism analysis.
>>> >> 2). The Covid19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted senior
>>> citizens in
>>> >> long term care homes, as well as racialized low income 
>>> >> communities,
>>> so any
>>> >> technology implemented to combat the pandemic has to take this 
>>> >> disproportionality into account, and the technology selected,
>>> designed, and
>>> >> implemented has to be appropriate for these specific groups.
>>> >>
>>> >> Unfortunately the demographic of the developers of Contact 
>>> >> Tracing
>>> apps
>>> >> tend not to match the demographics of those most negatively 
>>> >> affected
>>> by
>>> >> either Covid19 or the implementation of the app.  The developers 
>>> >> tend
>>> to be
>>> >> early adopters of technology having the latest phones, and have
>>> limited
>>> >> lived knowledge/experience of the digital divide. The app 
>>> >> developers
>>> also
>>> >> tend to be younger and have no lived experience of technology 
>>> >> access
>>> issues
>>> >> for senior citizens.  So is the solution just throw in a couple 
>>> >> of
>>> people
>>> >> with these specific lived experiences onto the project team?
>>> >> Not necessarily, whats important is having team members be 
>>> >> cognizant
>>> of,
>>> >> and able to recognize the issues of the digital divide, agesim, 
>>> >> and
>>> ableism
>>> >> which comes often from lived experience, but also from training 
>>> >> and education on these frames of analysis, something that was 
>>> >> missing in
>>> this
>>> >> project.  We need to have people that can recognize these issues 
>>> >> on
>>> the
>>> >> project team from the start to avoid or mitigate them.
>>> >>
>>> >> p.s. I am going to write a coherent blog post out of this at some
>>> point, so
>>> >> comments including critiques are welcome.
>>> >>
>>> >> Ushnish
>>> >>
>>> >> On Tue, Aug 4, 2020 at 6:28 PM John Willis 
>>> >> <pickupwillis at gmail.com
>>> <mailto:pickupwillis at gmail.com>> wrote:
>>> >>
>>> >>> Thanks Roland, Michael., Justin for your great responses – this 
>>> >>> has enlightened me and I really appreciate it.
>>> >>>
>>> >>> Working in the area of social assistance and digital 
>>> >>> transformation,
>>> there
>>> >>> are a lot of assumptions being made in government about the 
>>> >>> spread of digital technology and its ubiquity in low income 
>>> >>> communities. While
>>> it is
>>> >>> obvious that in urban areas most people now have a smart phone, 
>>> >>> the variation in operating systems and how old they are, not to 
>>> >>> mention
>>> the
>>> >>> difficulty of Wi-Fi access in more rural areas, makes the 
>>> >>> situation
>>> far
>>> >>> more complicated
>>> >>>
>>> >>> Does anyone know of any quantitative analysis in Ontario or 
>>> >>> Canada
>>> of low
>>> >>> income families and individuals and their specific digital access?
>>> >>>
>>> >>> Thanks
>>> >>>
>>> >>> John D. Willis
>>> >>> Design & innovation in Public Services
>>> >>>
>>> >>>
>>> >>>> On Aug 4, 2020, at 17:21, Roland Van Oostveen <
>>> >>> ROLAND.VANOOSTVEEN at uoit.ca<mailto:ROLAND.VANOOSTVEEN at uoit.ca>>
>>> wrote:
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> When I heard this report I immediately thought that the failure 
>>> >>>> to
>>> >>> install on older platforms might be due to the use of BlueTooth
>>> technology
>>> >>> (for security purposes) that allows the app to work in the first
>>> place. If
>>> >>> it could be installed on older mobile OSs but couldn’t do what 
>>> >>> it is supposed to, where would that get us. This is similar to 
>>> >>> the issues
>>> that MS
>>> >>> had with Windows and support for all of the older equipment.
>>> Eventually
>>> >>> even MS got to the point where obsolescence is built into the 
>>> >>> OS,
>>> I.e.,
>>> >>> nobody can run Windows95 anymore.
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> Roland
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> Roland van Oostveen
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> Director, BA in ESDT Programs
>>> >>>> Associate Professor - Faculty of Education Ontario Tech 
>>> >>>> University
>>> >>>> 905.721.8668 ext. 2657
>>> >>>> 905.767.5993 (cell)
>>> >>>> roland.vanoostveen at uoit.ca<mailto:roland.vanoostveen at uoit.ca
>>> ><mailto:roland.vanOostveen at uoit.ca<mailto:roland.vanOostveen at uoit.c
>>> >a>>
>>> >>>> ontariotechu.ca<http://ontariotechu.ca/><http://ontariotechu.ca
>>> >>>> <
>>> http://ontariotechu.ca/>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> [Ontario Tech University logo]<https://ontariotechu.ca/>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> [Twitter icon]<https://twitter.com/rolandvo>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> [LinkedIn 
>>> >>>> icon]<https://linkedin.com/in/roland.vanoostveen@uoit.ca>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> Ontario Tech University is the brand name used to refer to the
>>> >>> University of Ontario Institute of Technology.
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> The university is proud to acknowledge the lands and people of 
>>> >>>> the
>>> >>> Mississaugas of Scugog Island First Nation which is covered 
>>> >>> under the Williams Treaties. We are situated on the Traditional 
>>> >>> Territory of
>>> the
>>> >>> Mississaugas, a branch of the greater Anishinaabeg Nation which
>>> includes
>>> >>> Algonquin, Ojibway, Odawa and Pottawatomi.
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> Sent from Mail for Windows 10
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> From: John W (personal)<mailto:pickupwillis at gmail.com<mailto:
>>> pickupwillis at gmail.com>>
>>> >>>> Sent: August 4, 2020 4:39 PM
>>> >>>> To: Inclusive Design 
>>> >>>> Community<mailto:community at lists.idrc.ocadu.ca
>>> <mailto:community at lists.idrc.ocadu.ca>>
>>> >>>> Subject: [community] Is COVID Alert an Inclusive Design Fail?
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> [EXTERNAL EMAIL]
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> the new Covid Alert app just released in Ontario apparently 
>>> >>>> requires
>>> >>> users
>>> >>>> to have the latest device / software, leaving low-income and 
>>> >>>> more marginalized folks -- aka people most likely to contract 
>>> >>>> the virus
>>> -- out
>>> >>>> of the loop.
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> I verified this myself yesterday when I could not install it to 
>>> >>>> my
>>> >>> iPhone 6
>>> >>>> because it requires iOS 13.5
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> WTF? is this an inclusive design fail of top ranking, or can
>>> someone with
>>> >>>> greater technical knowledge dismiss my budding outrage?
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> maybe it's just an MVP, okay - but surely the communication on 
>>> >>>> this
>>> is
>>> >>>> feeble and misguided because word is already out that it's for 
>>> >>>> the privileged few. Sheesh!
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> j
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> --
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> *John D. Willis | CE CAIP MDes* Design & Innovation in Public 
>>> >>>> Services Toronto CANADA
>>> >>>>
>>> >>>> Garbled text? My apologies - speech-to-text technology is still 
>>> >>>> a
>>> work in
>>> >>>> progress...
>>> >>>> ________________________________________
>>> >>>> Inclusive Design Community (community at lists.idrc.ocadu.ca<mailto:
>>> community at lists.idrc.ocadu.ca>)
>>> >>>> To manage your subscription, please visit:
>>> >>> https://lists.idrc.ocadu.ca/mailman/listinfo/community
>>> >>> ________________________________________
>>> >>> Inclusive Design Community (community at lists.idrc.ocadu.ca<mailto:
>>> community at lists.idrc.ocadu.ca>)
>>> >>> To manage your subscription, please visit:
>>> >>> https://lists.idrc.ocadu.ca/mailman/listinfo/community
>>> >>>
>>> >>
>>> >>
>>> >> --
>>> >> ________________________________________
>>> >> Inclusive Design Community (community at lists.idrc.ocadu.ca<mailto:
>>> community at lists.idrc.ocadu.ca>)
>>> >> To manage your subscription, please visit:
>>> https://lists.idrc.ocadu.ca/mailman/listinfo/community
>>> >
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > --
>>> > Recent Book Chapters:
>>> > Monoculturalism, Aculturalism, and Postculturalism: The 
>>> > Exclusionary
>>> Culture of Algorithmic Development<
>>> https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3621779>
>>> >
>>> > Business Process Transformation in Natural Resources Development 
>>> > Using
>>> Blockchain: Indigenous Entrepreneurship, Trustless Technology, and 
>>> Rebuilding Trust<https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030443368>
>>> >
>>> > White Papers:
>>> > Meeting Changing Customer Requirements in Food andAgriculture 
>>> > Through
>>> Application of Blockchain Technology< 
>>> https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3429200>
>>> >
>>> > Business in the Front, Crypto in the Back: How to Be a Blockchain
>>> Startup in Fintech<
>>> https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3423179>
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > Key Articles:
>>> >
>>> > The Future of Social Economy Leadership and Organizational 
>>> > Composition
>>> in Canada: Demand from Demographics, and Difference through 
>>> Diversity< http://interventionseconomiques.revues.org/2794>
>>> >
>>> > Indigenous Cooperatives in Canada: The Complex Relationship 
>>> > Between
>>> Cooperatives, Community Economic Development,Colonization, and 
>>> Culture< 
>>> http://www.jeodonline.com/sites/jeodonline.com/files/articles/2015/0
>>> 8/13/6sengupta13aug2015.pdf
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > Indigenous Communities and Social Enterprise in 
>>> > Canada:Incorporating
>>> Culture as an Essential Ingredient of Entrepreneurship< 
>>> http://anserj.ca/anser/index.php/cjnser/article/view/196>
>>> >
>>> > ________________________________________
>>> > Inclusive Design Community (community at lists.idrc.ocadu.ca) To 
>>> > manage your subscription, please visit:
>>> https://lists.idrc.ocadu.ca/mailman/listinfo/community
>>>
>>> ________________________________________
>>> Inclusive Design Community (community at lists.idrc.ocadu.ca) To manage 
>>> your subscription, please visit:
>>> https://lists.idrc.ocadu.ca/mailman/listinfo/community
>>>
>>
>
> --
> *Recent Book Chapters:*
> Monoculturalism, Aculturalism, and Postculturalism: The Exclusionary 
> Culture of Algorithmic Development 
> <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3621779>
>
> Business Process Transformation in Natural Resources Development Using
> Blockchain: Indigenous Entrepreneurship, Trustless Technology, and 
> Rebuilding Trust <https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030443368>
>
> *White Papers:*
>
> Meeting Changing Customer Requirements in Food andAgriculture Through 
> Application of Blockchain Technology 
> <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3429200>
>
> Business in the Front, Crypto in the Back: How to Be a Blockchain 
> Startup in Fintech 
> <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3423179>
>
>
>
> *Key Articles:*
>
> The Future of Social Economy Leadership and Organizational Composition 
> in
> Canada: Demand from Demographics, and Difference through Diversity 
> <http://interventionseconomiques.revues.org/2794>
>
> Indigenous Cooperatives in Canada: The Complex Relationship Between 
> Cooperatives, Community Economic Development,Colonization, and Culture 
> <http://www.jeodonline.com/sites/jeodonline.com/files/articles/2015/08
> /13/6sengupta13aug2015.pdf>
>
> Indigenous Communities and Social Enterprise in Canada:Incorporating 
> Culture as an Essential Ingredient of Entrepreneurship 
> <http://anserj.ca/anser/index.php/cjnser/article/view/196>
>
________________________________________
Inclusive Design Community (community at lists.idrc.ocadu.ca) To manage your subscription, please visit: https://lists.idrc.ocadu.ca/mailman/listinfo/community




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